Highest Percentage of Campylobacter Isolates Was (35.29%) : A Part from the Book Chapter : Measuring the Prevalence of Campylobacter Species in Diarrheal Samples of Children under 10 Years and Detecting the Ability of Biofilm Production

In regard to culture on Skirrow’s medium, Catalase, and Oxidase tests; out of 200 samples, there were 34 (17.0 %) positive and 166 (83.0%) negative, while according to hippurate hydrolysis test, 26 (13.0%) were positive and 174 (87.0%) were negative, within the culture the percentage of female was 55.9% while the male was 44.1% and according to the age group, the highest percentage of Campylobacter isolates was (35.29%) in age group (7.5-9 years), while the lowest percentage was (8.8%) in age group (≤ 1 year).

Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

The results of antibiotic susceptibility test showed that there is complete resistance (100%) to cephalothin, ampicillin, and clindamycin for both species, full resistance (100%) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol and erythromycin by C.coli, and high resistance (92.3%) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol and erythromycin by C.jejuni, while , there was low resistance to chloramphenicol and gentamicin (34.61%), ciprofloxacin (26.92%), nalidixic acid and amikacin (7.7%) by C.jejuni, and low resistance to rifampin (37.5%), tetracyclin, amoxicillin, amikacin, chloramphenicol, and ciprofloxacin (12.5% for each) by C.coli.

Author(s) Details:

Thanaa R. Abdulrahman
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Iraq.

Ghada N. Khalaf
Department of Pathological and Medical Analysis, MSc Microbiology, Iraq.

Jabbar S. Hassan
Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Iraq.

Also See : The chemical compounds in the crude alcoholic extract of the Spirugera sp : A Part from the Book Chapter : Understanding the Effect of Bioactive Compounds from Spirogyra sp. in Reducing the Protoscolices Viability In-vitro compared with Albendazole Drug

Recent Global Research Developments in Prevalence of Campylobacter in Young Patients with Diarrhea

Global Epidemiology of Campylobacteriosis and the Impact of COVID-19: This review article provides comprehensive information on the global incidence and outbreaks of Campylobacter infections from 2014 to 2021. It highlights the high prevalence in countries like the Czech Republic, Australia, and New Zealand [1] .

Prevalence of Campylobacter Species in Human, Animal, and Food of Animal Origin in Ethiopia: This systematic review and meta-analysis focus on the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of Campylobacter species in Ethiopia. It reports a pooled prevalence of 10.2% from various sources [2] .

Prevalence, Determinants, and Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Campylobacter in Under-Fives with Acute Watery Diarrhea: This study found that 6.8% of under-fives with acute watery diarrhea were infected with Campylobacter [3] .

Campylobacter Infection in Young Children in Colombia: This case-controlled study analyzed the fecal microbiota and metabolomic profiles of pediatric patients in Colombia, comparing those infected with Campylobacter to those uninfected [4] .

Prevalence and Risk Factors Associated with Campylobacter in Children Below 2 Years: This article discusses the isolation rate of Campylobacter among children below 5 years with diarrhea, particularly in low- and middle-income countries [5].

References 

1. Liu F, Lee SA, Xue J, Riordan SM and Zhang L (2022) Global epidemiology of campylobacteriosis and the impact of COVID-19. Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol. 12:979055. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.979055
2. Zenebe, T., Zegeye, N. & Eguale, T. Prevalence of Campylobacter species in human, animal and food of animal origin and their antimicrobial susceptibility in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 19, 61 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12941-020-00405-8Behailu Y, Hussen S, Alemayehu T, Mengistu M, Fenta DA (2022) Prevalence, determinants, and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Campylobacter infection among under-five children with diarrhea at Governmental Hospitals in Hawassa city, Sidama, Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study. PLoS ONE 17(5): e0266976. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0266976
3. Zachary M. Burcham, Jessie L. Tweedie, AE Farfán-García, Vikki G. Nolan, Dallas Donohoe, Oscar G. Gómez-Duarte, Jeremiah G. Johnson
4. bioRxiv 2024.05.06.592725; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.05.06.592725
5. Kiarie A, Bebora L, Gitao G, Ochien’g L, Okumu N, Mutisya C, Wasonga J, Masudi SP, Moodley A, Amon-Tanoh MA, Watson J, Cumming O and Cook EAJ (2023) Prevalence and risk factors associated with the occurrence of Campylobacter sp. in children aged 6–24 months in peri-urban Nairobi, Kenya. Front. Public Health. 11:1147180. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1147180

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