Schizophrenia Patients Into an Observation Group : A Part from the Book Chapter : Progress in Health Education for Schizophrenia in China

psychosocial symptoms

Health education based on the Knowledge, Belief, and Practice (KAP) model

The KAP model aims at changing patients’ behavior in three ways: helping patients master professional knowledge, establishing treatment beliefs, and forming new behavior.

Randomly divided 108 recovering schizophrenia patients into an observation group and a control group, with 54 cases in each group. The control group received routine health education, informing the patient’s family members of disease-related knowledge and home care methods, and conducting regular follow-ups to record the patient’s status. The observation group was provided with health education based on the KAP model in combination with routine health education, and the specific measures are as follows. The first is health education: informing patients’ family members one-on-one about the symptoms, treatment, medication, prognosis, and management of adverse reactions, and regular health education lectures will be conducted by psychiatric experts, with the free distribution of health education manuals and timely answering to questions from patients and their families; Instruct family members to supervise the patient’s treatment after discharge, observe changes in the condition and providing intervention measures, and report patients’ condition to the hospital at any time. The second is building belief: Provide guided educational training, 30 minutes per session, 5 sessions per week, including medication management, activity training, life skills training, social skills, mental health education, stress response training, control of bad behavior, and disease-related knowledge, to help patients build confidence in overcoming the disease; Regularly hold family discussions to understand the patient’s condition, strengthen communication among family members, and strengthen care beliefs Behavior change: Encourage patients to take care of their own personal hygiene, work and rest on time, and develop good living habits; Learn to take medication correctly and strive to seek timely help in case of physical discomfort. After intervention, the compliance rates of medication, physical training, nutritional diet, social activities, rehabilitation training, and lifestyle habits in the observation group were higher than those in the control group; the scores of psychosocial, dynamic and energetic symptoms, cognitive symptoms, and drug side effects in both groups were lower than before intervention, and the above scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group; After intervention, the symptom score (PANSS) and social function score (SDSS) of the two groups were lower than those before intervention, and the self-efficacy score (GSES) were higher than before intervention. In addition, the SDSS and PANSS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group, and the GSES score was higher than those of the control group.

Author(s) Details:

Hou Yongmei

Department of Psychology, School of Humanities and Management, Guangdong Medical University,
Dongguan, Guangdong Province, China.


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Recent Global Research Developments in Monitoring Physical Health in Schizophrenia Patients

Management of Physical Health in Primary Care:

  • A systematic review [1] investigated how family physicians manage the physical health of people with schizophrenia in primary care settings compared to those without schizophrenia.
  • Findings revealed that individuals with schizophrenia often receive poorer care for their physical health from family physicians.
  • Specifically, among patients with diabetes, those with schizophrenia had lower rates of guideline-recommended monitoring.
  • Similarly, patients with cardiovascular disease and schizophrenia received lower rates of guideline-recommended prescriptions (e.g., statins).
  • Patients at risk for cardiovascular disease and schizophrenia also had lower rates of guideline-recommended screening (e.g., serum cholesterol levels).
  • Additionally, patients at risk for cancer and schizophrenia received lower rates of guideline-recommended screening (e.g., Papanicolaou test).

Improving Physical Health Monitoring:

  • One approach to enhancing the health of patients with schizophrenia is to improve physical health monitoring in psychiatric settings [2] .
  • Consensus panel recommendations emphasize the need for better monitoring of physical health in outpatient settings.

Lifestyle and Physical Health:

  • Research on the general lifestyle and physical health of schizophrenia patients is relatively scarce [3] .
  • Efforts to improve physical health can significantly impact overall outcomes for individuals with schizophrenia.

References

  1. Joshua Wiener, Myanca Rodrigues, Kelly Anderson, S85. MANAGEMENT OF PHYSICAL HEALTH FOR PEOPLE WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA IN PRIMARY CARE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW, Schizophrenia Bulletin, Volume 46, Issue Supplement_1, April 2020, Pages S66–S67, https://doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa031.151
  2. Marder, S. R., Essock, S. M., Miller, A. L., Buchanan, R. W., Casey, D. E., Davis, J. M., Kane, J. M., Lieberman, J. A., Schooler, N. R., Covell, N., Stroup, S., Weissman, E. M., Wirshing, D. A., Hall, C. S., Pogach, L., Pi-Sunyer, X., Bigger, J. T., Jr., Friedman, A., Kleinberg, D., . . . Shon, S. (2004). Physical health monitoring of patients with schizophrenia. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 161(8), 1334–1349. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.161.8.1334
  3. Connolly M, Kelly C. Lifestyle and physical health in schizophrenia. Advances in Psychiatric Treatment. 2005;11(2):125-132. doi:10.1192/apt.11.2.125

 

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